How do we say in Japanese "above, below, right, left, near, next to, between" in terms of 2D? | Shinji-Sensei's Easy Simple Japanese Learnig

How can I explain the place of my country on the map in Japanese?

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Two dimensions position (above, below, left, right)

When we want to focus on the position of something in the two dimensions (like on the map, book etc), the words

are typically used.

And the grammar pattern that signifies the position is

So, for example (imagine the world map),

アメリカの上にカナダがあります。

amerika no ue ni kanada ga ari masu.

There is Canada above the U.S.A.

カナダの下にアメリカがあります。

kanada no shita ni amerika ga ari masu.

There is the U.S.A below Canada.

スペインの左にポルトガルがあります。

Supein no hidari ni Porutogaru ga ari masu.

There is Portugal to the left of Spain.

ポルトガルの右にスペインがあります。

Porutogaru no migi ni Supein ga ari masu.

There is Spain to the right of Portugal.

We also have the positions like:

the grammar pattern is the same to what we’ve seen above,

but

Object1とObject2の間に

Object1 to Object2 no aida ni

for間(aida: between).

For example (imagine the world map),

カンボジアの隣にタイとベトナムがあります。

Kanbojia to tonari ni Tai to Betonamu ga ari masu.

There are Thailand and Vietnam next to Cambodia.

マダガスカルの近くにタンザニアやモザンビークがあります。

Madagasukaru no chikaku ni Tanzania ya Mozambiiku ga ari masu.

There are Tanzania, Mozambique and so on near Madagascar.

チリとウルグアイの間にアルゼンチンがあります。

Chiri to Uruguai no aida ni Aruzenchin ga ari masu.

There is Argentina between Chile and Uruguay.