0012 : Japanese basics (N5-N3) – の : Combine several nouns

grammar

 

How do you combine several nouns in Japanese?

 

 

Use a particle の

 

When combining several nouns, a particleの (no) is put between them.

For example, 

 

フランス + パン = フランスパン

Furansu + pan = Furansu no pan

French bread

 

日本 + 食べ物 + 寿司 = 日本食べ物寿司

Nihon + tabemono + sushi = Nihon no tabemono no sushi

Sushi, Japanese food

 

Combining order

 

When combining nouns in Japanese,important nouns are placed at the end of the string.

The left noun decorates the right noun.

 

So, for example, 

 

病気

Byouki no hito

sick person

 

Here, 病気 (sickness) decorates 人 (person) and together they make up the meaning of sick person.

*We don’t have an adjective equivalent to “sick” in Japanese.

 

However, if we say, 

 

病気

Hito no byouki

Sickness of the people

 

Now it’s 病気 (sickness) that has become the main noun.

*人 (hito) can refer to one person or several people.

 

Tips

 

For beginner level, there are two nouns that we need to pay attention to.

These are : 

 

学生

gakusei

student

 

会社員

kaisyain

employee / worker

 

because there are also, 

 

生徒

seito

student

 

社員

syain

employee / worker

 

The big difference is thatthe two nouns below need “of where” word.

So for example, we say

 

わたしは学生です。

Watashi wa gakusei desu.

I’m a student.

 

わたしは会社員です。

Watashi wa kaisyain desu.

I’m an employee (worker).

 

but we have to say

 

わたしは富士山大学の生徒です。

Watashi wa Fujisan daigaku no seito desu.

I’m a student at Fujisan University.

 

わたしは富士山カンパニーの社員です。

Watashi wa Fujisan kanpanii no syain desu.

I work for Fuji Company.

 

*We can add school or company information to 学生 (gakusei : student) and 会社員 (kaisyain : employee).

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