0056 – Japanese basics (N5-N3) – あげる : Give

grammar

How can I say in Japanese that I give some chocolate to Tanaka-san?

 

Receiver 

 

When talking about the receiver of something, 

 

Receiver + に(ni)

 

is typically used.

 

The general word “to give” in Japanese is

 

あげる

ageru

To give 

 

So, for example, 

 

田中さんにチョコレートをあげます

Tanaka-san ni tyokoreeto wo age masu.

I give some chocolate to Tanaka-san.

 

鈴木さんは田中さんにチョコレートをあげました

Suzuki-san wa Tanaka-san ni tyokoreeto wo age mashita.

Suzuki-san gave Tanaka-san some chocolate.

 

あげる-like verbs

 

There are verbs that require the same grammar pattern as あげる: 

 

貸す

kasu

To lent

 

送る

okuru

To send

 

教える

oshieru

To teach, to tell information 

 

電話をかける

denwa wo kakeru

To call

*電話をかける is a fixed verbal expression

 

So, for example, 

 

友だちにお金を貸します

tomodachi ni okane wo kashi masu

I lend some money to my friend.

 

先月、漫画家にファンレターを送りました

sengetsu, mangaka ni fan retaa wo okuri mashita

I sent a fan letter to a manga artist last month.

 

不審者に電話番号を教えません

hushinsha ni denwabangou wo oshie masen

I don’t give my telephone number to a stranger.

 

今月、母に電話をかけませんでした

kongetsu, haha ni denwa wo kake masendeahita

I didn’t call mom this month.

 

How to ask about “to whom”

 

For asking to whom you give it, 

 

誰に

dare ni

To whom

 

is typically used.

 

For example, 

 

A: 

バレンタインデーに誰にチョコレートをあげますか。

barentain dee ni dare ni tyokoreeto wo age masu ka.

Who will you give chocolate to on Valentine’s day?

 

B: 

田中さんにあげます。

Tanaka-san ni age masu.

I give it to Tanaka-san.

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