0043 – Japanese basics (N5-N3) – も : complete negation

grammar

 

How can I say something like “I don’t go anywhere.” ?

 

 

も : complete negation

 

When we want to express that there is nothing, nowhere, no one etc to negate all the possibilities, 

 

Question word + も (mo) + negative form

 

is used.

 

For example, 

 

どこも行きません

doko mo iki masen.

I don’t go anywhere.

 

どこも行きませんでした

doko mo iki masendeshita.

I didn’t go anywhere.

 

Tips 1

 

We can also use the grammar pattern :

 

Question word + original particule + も (mo) + negative form

 

For example, we need the particle へ (e without intention) or に (ni : with intention) to say the destination :

 

日本へ行きます。

nihon e iki masu.

I go to Japan.

 

日本に行きます。

nihon ni iki masu.

I go to Japan.

 

Ref : に・へ:Destination

 

So, we can keep these particles and the sentence can become like :

 

どこへも行きません。

doko e mo iki masen.

I don’t go anywhere.

 

どこにも行きません。

doko ni mo iki masen.

I don’t go anywhere.

 

And those with the original particle sound stronger than those without it.

 

*We can’t use も with the particles like が (ga) and を (wo) .

 

Tips 2

 

We can use も (mo) with the affirmative form :

 

日本へ行きます。

nihon e iki masu.

I go to Japan.

 

日本行きます。

nihon mo iki masu.

I go to Japan too. 

 

日本へも行きます。

nihon e mo iki masu.

I go to Japan too.

 

The nuance is the same as the one we can check here : も : too, also, as well

 

And actually,  the question word with も(mo) and negative form pattern is the result of the collection of this use of も for the negation :

 

公園へ行きません。

kouen e iki masen.

I don’t go to the park.

 

スーパー行きません。

suupaa mo iki masen.

I don’t go to the supermarket too.

 

レストラン行きません。

resutoran mo iki masen.

I don’t go to the restaurant too.

 

….

どこ行きません。

doko mo iki masen.

I don’t go anywhere.

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